SummaryTopic 1: Introduction to Information Technology

Summary Topic 1: Introduction to information technology 

1.Definition Information Technology: 
-Information technology (IT) is the use of computer hardware and software to store , retrieve and         manipulate information.

2Advantages of Information Technology:

i.To efficiency and effectively access and search for information via the internet.

• Enable users to access information or unlimited educational resources anytime, anywhere.

ii.Improves communication through communication technology.

• Communication technology such as smartphones,video conferencing, e-mail, e-fax, and text messaging make communication become easy and efficient.

iii.To manage finances via online banking.

• Use finance software to balance check books, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, manage investments and evaluate financial plans.

3.Disadvantage of Information Technology:

i.Reduce job opportunity 

• Technology has replaced most positions which humans used to occupy.

ii.Security breaches.

• Since users store their data on remote cloud servers which can be access with a username and password, they risk losing data to hacker or viruses.

iii.Health risk

• Improper computer use can lead to injuries of the hands , wrists, elbows, eyes, neck and back.

4.Application in IT

  

a.Education

-Learning management system 

-Library loan system

-Online tuition

b.Finance/Banking

-Finance Investment System

-Online banking

-Electronic payment

c.Health Care

-Surgery simulation

-Health care websites

-Telepharmacy

d.Science

-Cochlear implants

-Cardiac pacemaker implant

-Neural network

e.Travel

-Global Positioning System(GPS)

-Car Navigation System

-Online reservation system

f.Manufacturing

-Computer-aided design (CAD)

-Barcode system

g.Publishing

-Online photo printing

-Online card printing

h.Government

-e-filling

-UPU Online

5.Computer

-is a programmable electronic device that accepts data, processes the data,outputs the results and  stores the results.

6.Type of Computers

a.Supercomputers

• is the fastest and most powerful type of computer that is capable of processing trillions of instructions per second.
• Uses of supercomputers: -nuclear energy research, petroleum exploration, weather forecasting, online banking and aerospace research.

b.Mainframe Computers

• is a large and powerful computer that handles many connected users simultaneously, and used to host a large amount of data and programs.
• Uses of mainframes: for banks, hotels and Airlines , Insurance companies and hospitals.

c.Personal Computers

• Is a computer that can perform its input , processing , output and storage activities and designed to be used by one person at a time.
• Type of personal computer; Dekstop computers, Laptop computers and Tablet computer.
• Uses of personal computer:home or office environment, web browsing and e-mail and send       instant texts

d.Mobile Computers and Devices

• A mobile computer:is a portable personal computer , such as laptop or tablet, designed so that a user easily can carry it from place to place.
• A mobile devices:is a computing device small enough to hold in your hand

e.Embedded computers

• is a tiny computer embedded into a product to perform specific functions or tasks for that product.
• Products that contain Embedded computer:consumer electronics, home automation devices and automobiles